Yintoni i-MSDS?

I-MSDS (i-Material Safety Data Sheet) luxwebhu lwedatha yokhuseleko lweekhemikhali, enokuguqulelwa kwakhona njengoxwebhu lwedatha yokhuseleko lweekhemikhali okanye ishidi ledatha yokhuseleko lweekhemikhali. Isetyenziswa ngabavelisi beekhemikhali kunye nabathumeli bangaphandle ukucacisa iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zeekhemikhali (ezifana nexabiso le-pH, i-flash point, ukutsha, ukuphinda usebenze, njl.) kunye noxwebhu olunokubangela ingozi kwimpilo yomsebenzisi (njenge-carcinogenicity, i-teratogenicity, njl.).
Kumazwe aseYurophu, iteknoloji yokhuseleko lwezinto eziphathekayo/iphepha ledatha i-MSDS ikwabizwa ngokuba yiteknoloji yokhuseleko/iphepha ledatha iSDS (iPhepha leDatha loKhuseleko). I-International Standardization Organisation (ISO) ithatha igama elithi SDS, kodwa e-United States, eCanada, e-Australia nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia, igama elithi MSDS lamkelwa.
I-MSDS luxwebhu lwezomthetho olubanzi kwiimpawu zemichiza ezibonelelwa yimveliso yeekhemikhali okanye amashishini okuthengisa kubathengi ngokweemfuno zomthetho. Ibonelela ngezinto ze-16 ezibandakanya iiparamitha ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali, iipropati eziqhumayo, iingozi zempilo, ukusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokugcinwa, ukuchithwa kokuvuza, amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala kunye nemithetho efanelekileyo kunye nemimiselo yeekhemikhali. I-MSDS inokubhalwa ngumvelisi ngokuhambelana nemithetho efanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwengxelo, kunokwenzeka ukufaka isicelo kwintlangano yobuchwephesha ukuze ihlanganiswe.

 Injongo ye-MSDS

①E-China: Kwishishini lasekhaya kunye nolwandle lokuthumela ngaphandle, inqwelomoya nganye kunye nenkampani yokuthumela ngenqanawa inemigaqo eyahlukileyo. Ezinye iimveliso zinokulungiselelwa ukuthuthwa komoya kunye nolwandle ngokusekelwe kwingcaciso echazwe yi-MSDS, kodwa ezinye iinkampani zokuthumela kunye neenqwelo-moya kufuneka zihambelane ne-"IMDG", "IATA" Imimiselo yokulungiselela ukuthutha umoya kunye nolwandle, ngeli xesha, ngaphezu kokubonelela ngeengxelo ze-MSDS, kuyafuneka kwakhona ukubonelela ngeengxelo zokuchongwa kwezothutho ngexesha elifanayo.
②Phesheya kolwandle: Xa iimpahla zithunyelwa ukusuka kwimimandla yangaphandle ukuya eTshayina, ingxelo ye-MSDS sisiseko sokuvavanya uthutho lwamazwe ngamazwe lwale mveliso. I-MSDS ingasinceda ukuba sazi ukuba ingaba imveliso ethunyelwa ngaphandle ihlelwa njengempahla eyingozi. Ngeli xesha, inokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo njengoxwebhu lwe-custos clearance.
Kulungiselelo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokuthunyelwa kwenqanawa, ingxelo ye-MSDS ifana nencwadana yokundwendwela, eyimfuneko kwinkqubo yothutho yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kumazwe amaninzi.
Nokuba lurhwebo lwangaphakathi okanye lurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kuwo onke amazwe ehlabathi, umthengisi kufuneka abonelele ngamaxwebhu asemthethweni achaza imveliso. Ngenxa yamaxwebhu asemthethweni ahlukeneyo olawulo lwemichiza kunye norhwebo kumazwe awahlukeneyo kunye namazwe aseMelika, amanye atshintsha nyanga zonke. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba ufake isicelo kwintlangano yobungcali ukulungiselela. Ukuba i-MSDS enikiweyo ayichanekanga okanye iinkcukacha aziphelelanga, uya kujongana noxanduva lomthetho.

Umahluko phakathi kwe-MSDS kunyeUloyiko lomoya ingxelo yovavanyo:

I-MSDS ayisiyongxelo yovavanyo okanye ingxelo yokuzazisa, ingeyiyo neprojekthi yoqinisekiso, kodwa ingcaciso yobugcisa, efana ne “Ngxelo yeSaziso semeko yezoThutho lomoya” (uchongo lwezothutho lomoya) yahluke kakhulu.
①Abavelisi banokuyiluka i-MSDS yodwa ngokolwazi lwemveliso kunye nemithetho nemimiselo efanelekileyo. Ukuba umenzi akanaso italente kunye nobuchule kule ndawo, unokunika inkampani yobuchwephesha ukuba ilungiselele; kunye novavanyo lothutho lomoya kufuneka lukhutshwe yinkampani yovavanyo lwengcali evunywe yi-Civil Aviation Administration.
②I-MSDS enye ihambelana nemveliso enye, kwaye akukho xesha lokuqinisekisa. Ngethuba nje ilolu hlobo lwemveliso, le MSDS ingasetyenziswa ngalo lonke ixesha, ngaphandle kokuba imithetho nemimiselo iyatshintsha, okanye iingozi ezintsha zemveliso zifunyenwe, kufuneka zihambelane nemimiselo emitsha okanye iiNgozi ezintsha zicwangciswe ngokutsha; kunye nokuchongwa kwezithuthi zomoya kunexesha elisemthethweni, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo alinakusetyenziswa kwiminyaka yonke.

Ngokuqhelekileyo yahlulahlulwe kwiimveliso eziqhelekileyo kunye neemveliso zebhetri ye-lithium:
①I-MSDS yeemveliso eziqhelekileyo: ixesha elisemthethweni linxulumene nemimiselo, ukuba nje imimiselo ihlala ingatshintshi, le ngxelo yeMSDS inokusetyenziswa ngalo lonke ixesha;
②Iimveliso zebhetri yeLithium: Ingxelo ye-MSDS yeemveliso zebhetri ye-lithium isukela nge-31 kaDisemba wonyaka
Uvavanyo lothutho lomoya lunokukhutshwa kuphela ziinkampani eziqeqeshiweyo zovavanyo ezivunyiweyo lulawulo lwezophapho lwelizwe, kwaye ngokubanzi kufuneka zithumele iisampulu kwingxelo yovavanyo lovavanyo lobungcali, kwaye emva koko ikhuphe ingxelo yovavanyo. Ixesha lokuqinisekisa lengxelo yovavanyo lidla ngokusetyenziswa kulo nyaka umiyo, kwaye emva konyaka omtsha, kufuneka yenziwe kwakhona.