Yintoni i-CPSC?

I-CPSC (iKomishoni yoKhuseleko lweMveliso yoMthengi) yi-arhente ebalulekileyo yokukhusela abathengi e-United States, ejongene nokukhusela ukhuseleko lwabathengi abasebenzisa iimveliso zabathengi.Isatifikethi se-CPSC sibhekisa kwiimveliso ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko ebekwe yiKomishoni yoKhuseleko lweMveliso yoMthengi kwaye ziqinisekiswa yiyo.Injongo ephambili yesatifikethi se-CPSC kukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabathengi zihlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko kuyilo, ukuvelisa, ukungenisa elizweni, ukupakishwa kunye nokuthengisa, kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokhuseleko ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwabathengi.

1. Imvelaphi kunye nokubaluleka kwesatifikethi seCPSC
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zabathengi zihlala zivela, kwaye abathengi bajongene nemingcipheko yokhuseleko enokubakho xa besebenzisa ezi mveliso.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kweemveliso zabathengi, urhulumente wase-US waseka iKomishoni yoKhuseleko lweMveliso yoMthengi (CPSC) ngo-1972, enoxanduva lokulawula ukhuseleko lweemveliso zabathengi.Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-CPSC yindlela esebenzayo yokuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko efanelekileyo phambi kokuba zifakwe emarikeni, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa umngcipheko wokonzakala ngengozi kubathengi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

2. Umda kunye nomxholo wesatifikethi se-CPSC
Umda wesatifikethi se-CPSC ubanzi kakhulu, ubandakanya imimandla emininzi yemveliso yabathengi, njengemveliso yabantwana, izixhobo zekhaya, izixhobo zombane, iithoyi, amalaphu, ifenitshala, izixhobo zokwakha, njl.
①Imigangatho yokhuseleko: I-CPSC iqulunqe uluhlu lwemigangatho yokhuseleko kwaye ifuna ukuba iinkampani zilandele le migangatho xa zisenza kwaye zithengisa iimveliso.Iinkampani kufuneka zivavanye ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso aziyi kubangeli monakalo kubathengi phantsi kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kakuhle gwenxa.
②Inkqubo yokuqinisekisa: Isiqinisekiso se-CPSC sahlulwe sazizigaba ezibini: inyathelo lokuqala luvavanyo lwemveliso, kwaye inkampani kufuneka ithumele imveliso kwilebhu yomntu wesithathu evunywe yi-CPSC ukuze ivavanywe ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko efanelekileyo;Inqanaba lesibini yinkqubo yokuhlola inkqubo.I-CPSC iya kuphonononga amaziko emveliso yenkampani, inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho, njl. Njl. Ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza komgangatho wemveliso.
Ukukhumbula kwakhona: I-CPSC ifuna iinkampani zilandelele iimveliso abazivelisayo.Nje ukuba imveliso ifunyenwe ineengozi zokhuseleko, amanyathelo akhawulezileyo kufuneka athathwe ukuyikhumbula.Kwangaxeshanye, i-CPSC iya kwenza uhlalutyo lophando kwiimveliso ezikhutshelweyo ukuze iqhubeke iphucula imigangatho yokhuseleko kunye neemfuno zesatifikethi.
④Ukuthobela kunye nonyanzeliso: I-CPSC ijonga indawo kwiimveliso ezithengiswa kwimarike ukujonga ukuba ziyayithobela na imigangatho yokhuseleko kunye neemfuno zesiqinisekiso.Kwiimveliso ezingahambelaniyo, i-CPSC iya kuthatha amanyathelo okunyanzeliswa ahambelanayo, njengezilumkiso, izohlwayo, ukuthinjwa kwemveliso, njl.

3. Ilabhoratri yovavanyo evunyiweyo ye-CPSC
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokubekwa kweliso kwesatifikethi se-CPSC zimveliso zabantwana, ezifana namathoyizi, iimpahla kunye neemfuno zemihla ngemihla, kubandakanya uvavanyo kunye neemfuno zokutshisa (i-flame retardant) ukusebenza, izinto ezinobungozi bekhemikhali, ukusebenza koomatshini kunye nokhuseleko lomzimba, njl. Izinto eziqhelekileyo zovavanyo lwe-CPSC:
① Uvavanyo lomzimba: kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa kweencam ezibukhali, iindawo ezingaphandle, iindawo ezingatshintshiyo, njl.njl. ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ndawo zibukhali okanye ziphumayo zento zokudlala ezinokuthi zenzakalise ebantwaneni;
Uvavanyo lokungakheki: Vavanya ukwenziwa kwento yokudlala kufutshane nomthombo womlilo ukuqinisekisa ukuba into yokudlala ayiyi kubangeli umlilo onamandla xa usetyenziswa;
Uvavanyo lwe-③toty ③

4. Ifuthe lesatifikethi se-CPSC
①Isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko lwemveliso: Isiqinisekiso se-CPSC sijolise ekukhuseleni abathengi kubungozi obubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezingakhuselekanga.Ngokuvavanywa kunye neenkqubo zophicotho-zincwadi, isiqinisekiso se-CPSC siqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihlangabezana neemfuno ezisemgangathweni zokhuseleko, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa umngcipheko weengozi kunye nokwenzakala ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwemveliso.Iimveliso ezifumana isatifikethi se-CPSC zinokunyusa ukuvezwa okutsha kwabathengi kwimveliso, zibenze bakulungele ukuthenga nokusebenzisa ezi mveliso.
②Ipasipoti yokungena kwimarike yase-US: Isiqinisekiso se-CPSC yenye yeemeko zofikelelo ezibalulekileyo zokungena kwimarike yase-US.Xa kuthengiswa kwaye usasaze iimveliso eUnited States, ezihambelana neemfuno zesiqinisekiso se-CPSC, zinokuphendule imicimbi yezomthetho kwaye iqinisekise ukuba intsebenziswano egudileyo phakathi kwamashishini kunye nabasasazi.Ngaphandle kwesatifikethi se-CPSC, iimveliso ziya kujongana nemingcipheko efana nokuvalwa kwemarike, ukukhumbula, kunye namatyala asemthethweni, okuya kuchaphazela kakhulu ukwanda kwemarike kunye nokusebenza kwentengiso.
③Intembeko kunye nodumo lwenkampani: Uqinisekiso lwe-CPSC lunakano olubalulekileyo lweenkampani ngokomgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko.Ukufumana isatifikethi se-CPSC kungqina ukuba inkampani inamandla okulawula ngokungqongqo nokulawula ukhuseleko lwemveliso, kwaye ibonisa ukuba inika ingqwalaselo kumdla wabathengi kunye noxanduva lwentlalo.Inceda ukwandisa isidima kunye nokuthembeka kwenkampani, ukuseka izibonelelo ezahlukileyo kwimarike ekhuphisana ngokuqatha, kwaye itsale abathengi abaninzi ukuba bakhethe kwaye bathembe iimveliso zenkampani.
I-④imPhivement yokhuphiswano lweentengiso: Ukufumana isiqinisekiso se-CPSC kunokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwamashishini.Ubukho beempawu zesatifikethi bunokusetyenziswa njengopapasho olunamandla kunye nesixhobo sokuthengisa somgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko, kutsala abathengi abaninzi ukuba bakhethe iimveliso zenkampani.Xa kuthelekiswa nabakhuphisana abangaqinisekanga, iinkampani ezinesatifikethi se-CPSC zinenzuzo yokukhuphisana kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba zifumane inkoliseko yabathengi kunye nesabelo semarike.