Yintoni isiqinisekiso semvelaphi?

Yintoni isiqinisekiso semvelaphi?
Isiqinisekiso semvelaphi luxwebhu lwesiqinisekiso esisemthethweni esikhutshwe ngamazwe ahlukeneyo ngokuhambelana nemithetho efanelekileyo yemvelaphi ukubonisa ubungqina bemvelaphi yempahla, oko kukuthi, indawo yokuvelisa okanye ukuveliswa kwempahla. Ukuyibeka ngokulula, yi "passport" yempahla yokungena kwintsimi yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ebonisa ukuba iimpahla zezoqoqosho zelizwe. Isiqinisekiso semvelaphi siqulethe ulwazi malunga nemveliso, indawo ekuyiwa kuyo kunye nelizwe elithumela ngaphandle. Umzekelo, iimveliso zinokubhalwa “Made in the United States” okanye “Made in China.” Isiqinisekiso semvelaphi siyimfuneko yezivumelwano ezininzi zezivumelwano zorhwebo ezinqumla imida kuba sinokunceda ukufumanisa ukuba iimpahla ezithile ziyahlangabezana nemiqathango yokungenisa okanye ukuba iimpahla ziphantsi koluhlu lwamaxabiso. Lelinye lamaxwebhu avumela ukungenisa elizweni. Ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso semvelaphi, akukho ndlela yokucima amasiko.

ISatifikethi seMvelaphi lixwebhu elahlukileyo kwi-invoyisi yorhwebo okanye uluhlu lokupakisha. Amasiko afuna ukuba umntu othumela ngaphandle asayine, utyikityo kufuneka lube nobulungisa, kwaye amaxwebhu aqhotyoshelweyo kufuneka asayinwe kwaye agximfizwe yindlu yorhwebo. Ngamanye amaxesha, amasiko ekusingwa angacela isatifikethi sophicotho-zincwadi kwigumbi elithile lezorhwebo, kwaye amagumbi orhwebo ahlala athatha nzulu kuphela oko kungqinisisekayo. Ubungqina bophicotho-zincwadi bubandakanya isitywini esisemthethweni segumbi kunye nesiginitsha yommeli wegumbi ogunyazisiweyo. Amanye amazwe okanye imimandla izamkela izatifikethi zemvelaphi esayinwe ngekhompyutha ngamaziko orhwebo. Umthengi unokucacisa kwakhona kwileta yekhredithi ukuba isatifikethi semvelaphi siyafuneka, kwaye ileta yekhredithi ingachaza isiqinisekiso esongezelelweyo okanye ulwimi oluza kusetyenziswa ukuze isatifikethi semvelaphi sihlangabezane neemfuno ezichaziweyo.
Izicelo zezatifikethi ze-elektroniki zemvelaphi (eCo) zithunyelwa ngokubanzi kwi-intanethi, kwaye abafaki-zicelo ngamanye amaxesha banokufumana isatifikethi se-elektroniki esigximfizwe licandelo lezorhwebo ngaphantsi kosuku, okanye bafumane nesiqinisekiso sephepha esikhawulezileyo ngobusuku nje obunye.

Zeziphi iindidi eziphambili zezatifikethi zemvelaphi?
Kwilizwe lethu, ngokwendima yesatifikethi semvelaphi, kukho iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zezatifikethi zemvelaphi ezikhutshelwe iimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle:
①Isatifikethi esingakhethiyo semvelaphi: Siqhele ukubizwa ngokuba “sisiqinisekiso semvelaphi jikelele”. Luxwebhu olubonisa ukuba iimpahla zisuka kwilizwe lam kwaye zonwabela umrhumo oqhelekileyo (elona lizwe lithandwa kakhulu) ukuphathwa kwelizwe elingenisayo, ekubhekiswa kulo njengesiqinisekiso seCO.
②Isatifikethi esikhethwayo semvelaphi: Ungonwabela unyango oluncomekayo lwerhafu kunonyango lwesizwe oluthandwa kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuquka isatifikethi seGSP semvelaphi kunye nesatifikethi sengingqi esikhethwayo semvelaphi.
③Isatifikethi sobuNgcali semvelaphi: Sisatifikethi semvelaphi esichazwe kwiimveliso ezithile kushishino olulodwa, olufana “neSatifikethi seMvelaphi yeeMveliso zezoLimo eziThunyelelwa ngaphandle kwi-EU”, njl.

Yintoni umsebenzi wesatifikethi semvelaphi?
① Ukunikezelwa kwempahla: Iqela elirhwebayo lisebenzisa isatifikethi semvelaphi njengenye yeevawutsha zokunikezela ngempahla, ukulungisa intlawulo, kunye nokulungisa amabango;
②Ilizwe elingenisayo liphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo ethile yorhwebo: efana nokuphumeza umahluko wolawulo lweerhafu, ukuphumeza izithintelo zobungakanani kunye nokulawula ukungenisa kumazwe athile;
③Ukucuthwa komrhumo kunye nokukhululwa: Ngokukodwa, izatifikethi ezahlukeneyo ezikhethiweyo zemvelaphi ngamaxwebhu ayimfuneko ukonwabela unyango olukhethekileyo lomrhumo kwilizwe elingenisayo. Zijongwa ngabarhwebi abaninzi abasuka kumazwe angaphandle “njengesitshixo segolide” kunye “negolide yephepha” ukunciphisa ixabiso lempahla. Zikwaphucula isidima samazwe ngamazwe sempahla yelizwe lethu. Ukukhuphisana.

Amanqaku ngeSatifikethi seMvelaphi:
①Ifomathi yesatifikethi semvelaphi elayishwe ngexesha lokubhengezwa kufuneka ihambelane nemigaqo yoxwebhu, ibe siskena sombala wentsusa, kwaye umxholo wesatifikethi kufuneka ucace. Nceda uqaphele ukuba nceda ulayishe inguqulelo ethi “Original”, kwaye akufanele ulayishe inguqulelo ethi “Copy” okanye “Triplicate”;
②Izityikityo kunye namatywina kwikholamu yesigunyaziso esikhuphayo kunye nekholamu yomrhwebi wesatifikethi semvelaphi kufuneka igqibelele kwaye icace;
③Isiqinisekiso semvelaphi yomthumeli ngaphandle kufuneka singqinelane ne-invoyisi kunye nekhontrakthi;
④Ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ngomhla wesahlulo sesatifikethi:
(1) Umhla wokukhutshwa kwesatifikethi uchaza: ISivumelwano soRhwebo sase-Asia-Pacific sisexesha lokuthunyelwa ngaphandle okanye kwiintsuku ze-3 zokusebenza emva kokuthunyelwa; I-China-ASEAN isiVumelwano soRhwebo lwaMahhala phambi kokuthunyelwa, ngexesha lokuthunyelwa, okanye ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kwe-majeure, kwiintsuku ze-3 emva kokuthunyelwa; ISivumelwano soRhwebo saseTshayina-sePeru kunye neSivumelwano soRhwebo oluKhululwa yiTshayina-Australia siphambi okanye ngexesha lokuthumela ngaphandle; I-Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) iphambi kokuthunyelwa;
(2) Ixesha lokuqinisekiswa kweSitifiketi: iSivumelwano soRhwebo sase-Asia-Pacific, iSivumelwano sokuRhweba ngokuKhululwa kwe-China-ASEAN, iSivumelwano soRhwebo ngokuKhululwa kwe-China-Peru. ISivumelwano se-China-Australia yoRhwebo oluSimahla kunye noBudlelwane obuBanzi boQoqosho oluBanzi (RCEP) lusebenza unyaka omnye ukususela kumhla wokukhutshwa;
(3) Ixesha lesatifikethi sokukhutshwa kwakhona: ISivumelwano sokuRhweba ngokuKhululwa kwe-China-ASEAN sichaza ukuba isatifikethi sinokuphinda sikhutshwe kwiinyanga ze-12; iChina-Australia iSivumelwano soRhwebo ngokuKhululwa simisela ukuba isatifikethi sinokuphinda sikhutshwe kwisithuba sonyaka omnye ukusuka ekuthunyelweni kwempahla; isiVumelwano soRhwebo saseAsia-Pacific asikuvumeli ukukhutshwa kwakhona.
⑤ Ukuba isiqinisekiso semvelaphi asikhutshwanga ngokwexesha elichaziweyo kuxwebhu, kwaye ugunyaziwe okhuphayo uphinda aphinde akhuphe isiqinisekiso semvelaphi, amagama athi “ISIKHUTSHWE NGOKUBUYISAYO” (sikhutshwe kwakhona) kufuneka siphawulwe kwisatifikethi;
⑥Igama lenqanawe kunye nenombolo yohambo kwisatifikethi semvelaphi kufuneka ihambelane nefomu yokubhengeza izithethe;
⑦ Amanani ama-4 okuqala ekhowudi yeHS yesatifikethi semvelaphi phantsi kweSivumelwano soRhwebo saseAsia-Pacific kufuneka sihambelane nefomu yokubhengeza izithethe; iidijithi zokuqala ze-8 zekhowudi ye-HS ye-"Cross-Strait Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement" (ECFA) isatifikethi semvelaphi kufuneka sihambelane nefom yokubhengezwa kwezithethe; olunye urhwebo olukhethekileyo Iidijithi ezi-6 zokuqala zekhowudi ye-HS yesatifikethi esivunyelweneyo semvelaphi kufuneka ihambelane nefom yokubhengezwa kwamasiko.
⑧ Ubuninzi obukwisiqinisekiso semvelaphi kufuneka bungqinelane nobuninzi kunye neyunithi yomlinganiselo ochazwe kwifomu yokubhengezwa kwezithethe. Umzekelo, ubungakanani obudweliswe kwiSivumelwano seSivumelwano soRhwebo saMahala saseTshayina-se-ASEAN semvelaphi "Ubunzima obupheleleyo okanye ubunzima obunye okanye obunye ubungakanani". Ukuba ugunyaziwe okhuphayo akenzi ngxelo ikhethekileyo malunga nomyinge xa ​​ekhupha isiqinisekiso semvelaphi, uya kusilela kwisixa esidweliswe kwisiqinisekiso semvelaphi. Ubunzima obupheleleyo kunye nobungakanani besatifikethi semvelaphi kufuneka bungqinelane nobunzima obupheleleyo befomu yokubhengeza izithethe. Ukuba ubungakanani besatifikethi semvelaphi bungaphantsi kobunzima obupheleleyo, ngoko ke isahlulo esidlula ubuninzi obudweliswe kwisatifikethi semvelaphi asikwazi ukunandipha irhafu yerhafu ekuvunyelwene ngayo.
⑨Into ethi "Iinqobo zoMvelaphi" efakwe lishishini kwifestile enye kufuneka ihambelane "nenqobo yemvelaphi" okanye "iNqakusela eBekelwe imvelaphi" yesatifikethi semvelaphi. Nceda uqiniseke ukuba uyifake ngokuchanekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yesicelo;
⑩ Inombolo ye-invoyisi kunye nomhla ofakwe kwikholam yenombolo ye-invoyisi yesatifikethi semvelaphi kufuneka ihambelane nenombolo ye-invoyisi kunye nomhla oqhotyoshelwe kwifom yokubhengezwa kwempahla.